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Course Details
KTO KARATAY UNIVERSITY
Trade and Industry Vocational School
Programme of Weapons Industry Technician
Course Details
Course Code Course Name Year Period Semester T+A+L Credit ECTS
07931116 Ballistics and Weapon Thermodynamics 2 Autumn 3 2+2+0 5 5
Course Type Elective
Course Cycle Associate (Short Cycle) (TQF-HE: Level 5 / QF-EHEA: Short Cycle / EQF-LLL: Level 5)
Course Language Turkish
Methods and Techniques The course is delivered through lectures, mathematical modeling problem solving, laboratory/measurement exercises and data-analysis based practices. Students process experimental data, develop simple ballistic models and report results. Simulations and graphical presentations are used as support.
Mode of Delivery Face to Face
Prerequisites There are no formal prerequisites; basic knowledge of physics and mathematics is beneficial.
Coordinator Lect. Mehmet AKSOY
Instructor(s) Lect. Mehmet AKSOY
Instructor Assistant(s) -
Course Instructor(s)
Name and Surname Room E-Mail Address Internal Meeting Hours
Lect. Mehmet AKSOY T-219 [email protected] 7407 Tuesday
10:00-12:00
Course Content
This course covers internal and external ballistics concepts, behavior of propellant gases, in-barrel pressure and temperature variations, mathematical modeling of projectile motion, energy conversion processes, and principles of heat transfer. Practical studies include ballistic experiments, measurement techniques, test protocols, and thermodynamic analyses. The course also addresses safety, material strength, and performance optimization aspects.
Objectives of the Course
The aim of this course is to teach the principles of internal and external ballistics, the thermodynamic processes occurring during firing, and the energy transformations within weapon systems. Students are expected to gain the ability to analyze fundamental concepts such as projectile motion, in-barrel pressure variations, heat transfer, and gas expansion. In addition, they will learn to interpret ballistic test data and perform engineering-based evaluations.
Contribution of the Course to Field Teaching
Basic Vocational Courses X
Specialization / Field Courses X
Support Courses
Transferable Skills Courses
Humanities, Communication and Management Skills Courses
Relationships between Course Learning Outcomes and Program Outcomes
Relationship Levels
Lowest Low Medium High Highest
1 2 3 4 5
# Program Learning Outcomes Level
P1 Possesses fundamental, up-to-date, and practical knowledge related to their profession 5
P4 Effectively uses information technologies related to their profession (software, programs, animation, etc.) 4
P5 Possesses the ability to independently evaluate professional problems and issues using an analytical and critical approach and to propose solutions 5
P6 Can effectively present their thoughts in writing and verbally at the level of knowledge and skills, and express them in a comprehensible manner 3
P12 Possesses the ability to select, apply, and develop materials, production methods, and testing processes used in the arms industry and related technological fields 5
Course Learning Outcomes
Upon the successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
No Learning Outcomes Outcome Relationship Measurement Method **
O1 Recognize the concepts of internal and external ballistics and explain the differences between them. P.1.21 1,7
O2 Recognizes simple ballistic experiments/protocols and measurement methods; reads the obtained data. P.4.14 7
O3 Explains the pressure, volume and energy relationship of combustion gases simply and performs a basic calculation. P.5.25 1,7
O4 Performs basic calculations for projectile trajectory (based on initial velocity, launch angle, air resistance effect). P.5.26 1,7
O5 Explains ballistic test results in a brief report or presentation and interprets basic results. P.6.7 7
O6 Interpret the safety/operational effects of barrel heating, material behavior, and thermal effects. P.12.23 1,7
** Written Exam: 1, Oral Exam: 2, Homework: 3, Lab./Exam: 4, Seminar/Presentation: 5, Term Paper: 6, Application: 7
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
Week Topics
1 Introduction to ballistics, history and basic concepts
2 Energy transformation in weapon systems and thermodynamic fundamentals
3 Internal ballistics: ignition, pressure and gas expansion principles
4 Gas dynamics equations and initial projectile motion conditions
5 In-barrel pressure, temperature and friction effects
6 External ballistics: trajectory, air resistance and firing angle relations
7 Energy, momentum and heat transfer analyses
8 Thermodynamic cycles and comparison of ballistic processes
9 Measurement techniques and data acquisition in ballistic testing
10 Ballistic software and simulation applications
11 Material behavior: thermal expansion, deformation and fatigue
12 Barrel-ammunition interaction and performance optimization
13 Evaluation and reporting of ballistic test results
14 General review, project presentations and term evaluation
Textbook or Material
Resources Carlucci, D.E., Jacobson, S.S. — Ballistics: Theory and Design of Guns and Ammunition.
McCoy, R.L. — Modern Exterior Ballistics: The Launch and Flight Dynamics of Symmetric Projectiles.
Chinn, G.M. — The Machine Gun, Vol. I–V, U.S. Department of Defense.
Evaluation Method and Passing Criteria
In-Term Studies Quantity Percentage
Attendance - -
Laboratory - -
Practice 1 20 (%)
Homework - -
Presentation - -
Projects - -
Quiz - -
Midterms 1 30 (%)
Final Exam 1 50 (%)
Total 100 (%)
ECTS / Working Load Table
Quantity Duration Total Work Load
Course Week Number and Time 14 2 28
Out-of-Class Study Time (Pre-study, Library, Reinforcement) 14 4 56
Midterms 1 14 14
Quiz 0 0 0
Homework 0 0 0
Practice 14 2 28
Laboratory 0 0 0
Project 0 0 0
Workshop 0 0 0
Presentation/Seminar Preparation 0 0 0
Fieldwork 0 0 0
Final Exam 1 18 18
Other 0 0 0
Total Work Load: 144
Total Work Load / 30 4,80
Course ECTS Credits: 5
Course - Learning Outcomes Matrix
Relationship Levels
Lowest Low Medium High Highest
1 2 3 4 5
# Learning Outcomes P1 P4 P5 P6 P12
O1 Recognize the concepts of internal and external ballistics and explain the differences between them. 5 1 3 3 4
O2 Recognizes simple ballistic experiments/protocols and measurement methods; reads the obtained data. 4 4 4 4 4
O3 Explains the pressure, volume and energy relationship of combustion gases simply and performs a basic calculation. 5 1 5 1 4
O4 Performs basic calculations for projectile trajectory (based on initial velocity, launch angle, air resistance effect). 4 1 5 1 4
O5 Explains ballistic test results in a brief report or presentation and interprets basic results. 3 3 3 5 3
O6 Interpret the safety/operational effects of barrel heating, material behavior, and thermal effects. 4 1 4 1 5